Terezín, Velká pevnost
židovské ghetto · Pražská, 411 55 Terezín, Česká republika
  • Story
  • Place

Secret Hallway

Available in: English | Česky | Deutsch

On November 24, 1941, Felix Kolmer came to Terezín in the so-called Aufbaukommando. He was one of the first Jews imprisoned in Terezín. In that place he was repeatedly contacted by Doctor Bergmann. They talked a lot and he asked him about his opinions. Retrospectively Felix Kolner realized that he passed some kind entering exam and became a member of civil underground movement: “In that time I did not have any idea there are two of these movements. I did not even know our commander.” The supporters of the movement were divided into groups of three. Within the group they knew each other and because of the undercover one of them always knew somebody from another group. The alleged target of the whole movement was smuggling revolvers into the cap, but Felix Kolmer is not sure about it even today. “My task was to find a hallway leading out of Terezín. We knew there is a whole system of hallways under Terezín, built simultaneously with the fortress in 1780. The purpose of this complex was assuring an escape route from Terezín in case of encircling the building by the enemy armies. Approximately in a half of a year I really found the way leading out. We wanted to use the exit, but the SS men started to shoot.” Felix Kolmer used the way twice, but he always came back before the evening line-up and counting: “I was very young and did not think about what I might do at large, so I went to swim in the Elbe River.”

Hodnocení


Hodnotilo 0 lidí
Abyste mohli hodnotit musíte se přihlásit! 

Routes

Not a part of any route.

Comments

No comments yet.

Prof. Ing., DrSc. Felix Kolmer

Prof. Ing., DrSc. Felix Kolmer

Prof. Ing. Felix Kolmer, DrSc. was born May 3, 1922 in Prague into a family of an Italian legionnaire and tradesman with electrotechnics. Influenced by his father's profession, he was interested in electrical technology since his childhood, and his future career path was clear to him - he would become an electrical engineer. After the father's death in 1932 he would usually spent summer holidays and Christmas with his uncle in Austria, where he watched the occupation of the country by Nazis. He was an eager and active scout. After the rise of Nazism, as a result of anti-Jewish repression he became a carpenter's apprentice. On November 24, 1941, he went to Terezín as a member of the so-called Aufbaukommando, where he worked on the ghetto construction, and later he witnessed the horrors taking place in the Small Fortress and also became a member of the underground movement there. His mother died in Terezín in 1941. On October 16, 1944 he was transported to Auschwitz, where he also saw smiling Dr. Mengele sending people to gas chambers. By lucky coincidence he, however, managed to escape to the camp Friedland, where he survived till the end of the war. After that he was finally able to study and he eventually became a world-renowned expert on acoustics. He is one of the pioneers of this field in our country. He is active as a lecturer and he also authored and co-authored many works. He incessantly works on the process of recompensing the victims of Nazi terror. He has received several awards and decorations for this activity and for his academic achievements.

Terezín, Velká pevnost

Available in: English | Česky | Deutsch

Terezínská Velká pevnost je součástí pevnostního komplexu, který začal v roce 1780 budovat císař Josef II. Leží na soutoku Labe a Ohře a původně měla sloužit jako obranná pevnost před vpády Prusů. Nikdy však nebyla vojensky využita. Za druhé světové války nacisté z Velké pevnosti vystěhovali civilní obyvatele a 24. listopadu 1941 zde zřídili židovské ghetto Terezín. Za čtyři roky existence tohoto sběrného a průchozího tábora se průměrný počet vězňů pohyboval kolem 30-40 tisíc. Značná přeplněnost ghetta a zoufalé životní podmínky měly za následek vysokou úmrtnost. Na konci války zde navíc vypukla epidemie skvrnitého tyfu. Koncentračním táborem Terezín prošlo celkem asi 155 tisíc lidí, z nich 118 tisíc válku nepřežilo. Osvobození Terezína se odehrálo bez bojů. Dne 1. května 1945 byla kontrola nad táborem svěřena Červenému kříži, 5. května odtud utekli poslední nacisté a 8. května přijely první sovětské jednotky.

Terezín, Velká pevnost

On this place

Agricultural Work Meant Advantages

Agricultural Work Meant Advantages

Markéta (Margit) Nováková
Compared to the later camps it was like a sanatorium

Compared to the later camps it was like a sanatorium

Miloš Pick
I simply left the camp...

I simply left the camp...

Anna Magdalena Schwarz
Secret Hallway

Secret Hallway

Prof. Ing., DrSc. Felix Kolmer
There Are No Butterflies Here

There Are No Butterflies Here

Art Activities of the…
They taught us in secret

They taught us in secret

Helga Hošková-Weissová
Until today I can smell the stinky mouldy millet grains

Until today I can smell the stinky mouldy millet grains

Marta Kottová
Please enter your e-mail and password
Forgotten password
Change Password